Below is a clear, structured, detailed, Notion-compatible explanation of Development Theory, suitable for UPSC Sociology.

📌 Development Theory — Detailed Analysis (Notion-Compatible)

Development theory explains how and why societies develop, why some remain underdeveloped, and what processes lead to economic, political, and social progress.

It is a broad field consisting of multiple theoretical traditions that evolved over time.

1. Meaning of Development Theory

Development theory examines:

• Causes of development and underdevelopment
• Role of economy, society, culture, and politics in development
• How industrialisation, modernisation, and globalisation shape nations
• Policies & strategies to reduce poverty, inequality, and structural oppression

It is both descriptive (explains the world) and prescriptive (suggests solutions).

2. Historical Evolution of Development Theory

Phase 1: Classical Theories (1940s–1960s)

Focused on how "traditional" societies could become "modern".

A. Modernisation Theory

• Linear stages of development